Additional Information
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
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How is ADHD diagnosed?
ADHD is diagnosed by a qualified professional (i.e. psychologist, psychiatrist, or pediatrician) through a comprehensive evaluation which includes:
- Reviewing developmental, medical, and educational history.
- Gathering input from caregivers and teachers.
- Using standardized behavior rating scales and observing symptoms across multiple settings.
No single test can diagnose ADHD. It requires a detailed assessment to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.
Is ADHD a learning disability?
ADHD is not classified as a learning disability but can co-occur with learning disabilities, such as dyslexia or dyscalculia. ADHD affects executive functioning skills like organization and time management that are crucial for learning, which may indirectly impact academic performance.
What are the main symptoms of ADHD?
ADHD symptoms fall into 3 categories:
Inattention: Difficulty sustaining focus, being easily distracted, making careless mistakes, and struggling with organization.
Hyperactivity: Excessive fidgeting, difficulty staying seated, and feeling restless.
Impulsivity: Acting without thinking, interrupting conversations, or struggling to wait one's turn.
Symptoms must be present in two or more settings (i.e school and home) and must impair functioning in order to meet the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5.
What are the treatment options for ADHD?
ADHD treatment plans are individualized and may include:
- Behavioral Therapy: Particularly effective for children, it teaches skills for managing behavior and improving social interactions. Parent training is often included.
- Medication: Stimulants (ie. methylphenidate, amphetamines) are the most common medications and have been extensively studied for their effectiveness. Non stimulants may also be prescribed.
- Educational Interventions: An IEP or 504 plan can help support learning by providing individualized instruction and/or classroom accommodations like preferential seating and extra time on tests.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Regular exercise, adequate sleep, a healthy diet, and consistent routines can improve symptoms.
What causes ADHD?
ADHD is caused by a combination of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors. Research shows:
Genetics: ADHD often runs in families. Studies suggest that 74% of the variability in ADHD traits is due to heritability.
Brain Differences: Imaging studies reveal differences in brain regions involved in attention, impulse control, and executive functioning.
Environmental Factors: Premature birth, low birth weight, and prenatal exposure to alcohol or tobacco are associated with higher ADHD risk.
What is ADHD?
ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that interfere with daily life or development. Symptoms typically appear in childhood and may persist into adulthood. ADHD is NOT caused by poor parenting or lack of effort; it has a biological basis involving differences in brain structure, function, and neurotransmitter activity.
CHADD OF HAWAI'I: MISSION AND VALUES
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MISSION STATEMENT
Empowering individuals and 'ohana in Hawai'i living with ADHD through education, support, and advocacy. Rooted in aloha, we strive to create a thriving community that embraces neurodiversity and uplifts the unique strengths of every person.
CORE VALUES
'OHANA (Family): We nurture a sense of belonging and connection, treating everyone with care and compassion as part of our extended family.
KULEANA (Responsibility): We take pride in our responsibility to provide reliable, evidence-based information and to educate and advocate for those living with ADHD, fostering understanding and respect in our community and across our island chain.
LOKAHI (Unity): We bring people together in harmony, encouraging collaboration and mutual support to create a stronger, more inclusive 'ohana.
PONO (Integrity/Respect): We are committed to creating a safe, inclusive space where every individual feels valued, supported, and respected. We treat one another with kindness and dignity, ensuring our discussions are constructive and free from judgement, condescension, or criticism. We aim to uplift and support each other as we navigate the challenges and triumphs of ADHD together.
ALOHA (Love/Compassion): At the heart of everything we do is aloha - sharing kindness and empathy to empower others to thrive.
HO'OMAU (Perseverance): We stand firm in our mission, supporting those with ADHD as they overcome challenges and embrace their full potential.
CHADD AFFILIATE: CHADD of Hawai'i
